Valuation and TTM ratios remain elevated: TTM P/E sits in the high hundreds by some measures (~178.49x TTM per fundamentals) while the instantaneous quote-level P/E displays 200.49x in provider quote data — a discrepancy tied to differing EPS bases and time stamps in the feeds (EPS TTM $1.89 vs quote EPS $1.70). We prioritize the fundamentals TTM series for historical comparability and scenario analysis (Monexa AI.

Below is a concise FY comparative to anchor the narrative and monitor near-term inflection points.

Metric	FY 2024	FY 2023	YoY change
Revenue	$97.69B	$96.77B	+0.95% (Monexa AI
Net Income	$7.13B	$15.00B	-52.46% (Monexa AI
Gross Profit	$17.45B	$17.66B	-1.17% (Monexa AI
Free Cash Flow	$3.58B	$4.36B	-17.81% (Monexa AI
Capital Expenditure	$11.34B	$8.90B	+27.42% (Monexa AI

Analyst projections show wide dispersion in forward estimates for revenue and EPS as the market prices optionality differently. The table below summarizes consensus medians compiled in the estimates series.

Year	Est. Revenue (avg)	Est. EPS (avg)	#Analysts (rev/eps)
2025	$92.59B	1.71682	32 / 25 (Monexa AI
2026	$109.19B	2.46321	35 / 26 (Monexa AI
2027	$131.60B	3.48300	29 / 18 (Monexa AI
2028	$176.52B	5.71143	22 / 9 (Monexa AI
2029	$220.54B	8.89333	18 / 10 (Monexa AI

What explains Tesla's margin resilience despite delivery declines?#

Tesla's per-unit economics remain stronger than headline volumes: improved pricing mix and cost control left automotive gross margins comparatively high even as volumes fell. (Concise answer: margin protection has been driven by pricing, option mix and cost discipline, not by volume expansion.)

Support: Q2 operational materials cited an automotive gross margin near 17.2% even as deliveries declined roughly -13.50% and revenue fell about -12.00% in that quarter, illustrating that per-unit profitability outpaced top-line rhythm in the short term (Investing.com. The FY2024 gross profit ratio of 17.86% shows similar dynamics on an annual basis (Monexa AI.

The sustainability question is whether margin levers (pricing, hardware cost reduction, vertical integration) can offset competitive pricing pressure as Tesla scales a lower-cost vehicle and faces more aggressive offers from legacy OEMs and Chinese peers.

Competitive landscape & strategic direction#

Tesla’s strategic pivot toward software, FSD monetization and Optimus robotics is explicitly intended to diversify revenue mix away from unit-dependent auto sales. Management’s repeated statements about a lower-cost model for H2 2025 and continued investment in FSD/Optimus were reiterated in recent company materials and coverage (Seeking Alpha; Investing.com.

Competitive pressure is increasing: legacy automakers and new entrants are targeting mass-market price points and expanding EV lineups, which raises the risk of sustained pricing actions. Tesla’s advantages — software stack, Supercharger network and manufacturing scale — remain meaningful but face narrowing margins of safety if EV unit prices compress materially.

Strategic effectiveness will be measured by three observable metrics over the next 12–24 months: (1) delivery cadence recovery without margin erosion, (2) sequential improvement in free cash flow to pre-investment levels, and (3) tangible monetization steps for FSD (subscription revenue or recurring platform fees).

What this means for investors & key takeaways#

Investors should track a short list of high-information metrics: deliveries (quarterly cadence), automotive gross margin, free cash flow and the cadence of FSD/robotaxi regulatory and commercialization milestones. These will materially shift probability assumptions embedded in analyst models and explain wide price-target dispersion across the sell-side (Nasdaq analyst roundup.

Key financial takeaways:

Revenue: FY2024 $97.69B (+0.95% YoY) — top-line essentially flat after rapid prior growth (Monexa AI.
Profitability: Net income $7.13B (-52.46% YoY) — large swing driven by lower non-recurring items and operating changes (Monexa AI.
Cash generation: Free cash flow $3.58B (-17.81% YoY) vs. elevated capex $11.34B as investments accelerate (Monexa AI.

For investors, the case centers on probability-weighting the robotaxi/FSD/Optimus upside versus near-term execution risk: the former justifies premium multiples in bullish scenarios, while the latter explains why some analysts place targets well below current levels. Monitor the quarterly cash-flow trajectory and any concrete, monetizable FSD revenue signals as the primary catalysts for a sustained re-rating.

Sources: Financials and TTM metrics from Monexa AI. Q2 slides and market reaction coverage from Investing.com and earnings coverage summarized in market outlets listed in research notes and analyst roundups (Nasdaq; Seeking Alpha.